SP2424 Guerilla Warfare, Espionage, and Irregular Tactics During the Civil War
Class | This class is completed
From the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861 to Antietam in September 1862 to the cataclysm at Gettysburg in July 1863, the Civil War witnessed some of the most savage fighting that had ever taken place in North America. Overshadowed by such history-changing battles, the Union and Confederate governments also made extensive use of spies and irregular forces in their attempts to achieve victory. This class examines the respective spy activities and application of irregular forces by the North and South, highlighting their impact upon the American Civil War and their contribution to the development of modern warfare.
Fred Johnson
Dr. Fred L. Johnson III is Guy Vander Jagt '53 Endowed Professor of History at Hope College in Holland, Michigan. Dr. Johnson earned his Ph.D. from Kent State University in Kent Ohio. Prior to his career academia, Dr. Johnson served as a Communications-Electronics officer in the United States Marine Corps and Infantry Officer in the Marine Reserves. His historical fields of expertise include U. S. Military History, the Civil War, Africa, and 20th Century U.S. History.